Study Materials

    srinivasa-ramanujan Srinivasa Ramajun was the one of the greatest mathematical genius of the world. He was born in a poor family at Erode in Coimbatore in 1887. His father was an accountant to a cloth merchant and had to maintain a large family on a small income. Srinivasa was granted half exemption of fees when he stood first in the primary school exam in whole of Tnanjore district. From his childhood he had a quiet and dreamy temperament but he was brilliant at mathematics. Figures did not worry him. Things which were all dark to his classmates were as clear as daylight to him. He always help them. When he was in second standard his curiosity upon the subject of the highest truth in mathematics was aroused. In fourth standard he could solve the most difficult problems of trigonometry. He solved Ewler's theorem and Car's synopsis of pure mathematics. He kept a record of the solutions in a note book which he afterwards showed to other mathematicians to their great astonish...

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                         Dandi Salt March Summary: Gandhiji started Dandi Salt March on March 12, 1930 with 78 members of Ashram. Their identities were published in Young India for the benefit of police. Gandhiji leaned on a lacquered bamboo staff one inch thick and 54 inches long and with an iron tip. They walked 200 miles (390 km) in 24 days. peasants sprinkled the roads and strewed leave on them. From miles around peasants gathered to kneel by roadside as the pilgrims passed. Several times they halted for a meeting where Gandhiji exhorted people to wear khadi, abjure alcohol and drugs, abandon child marriage, keep clean and live purely and break the salt law when the signal came. Dandi-salt-march-1930 Gandhiji had no trouble in walking. Less than twelve miles a day in two stages and not much luggage he said, child's play. Several became fatigued and foot sore and had to ride on bullock carts but...

Summary: History of Indian Independence Britishers came to India as traders. With the downfall of Mughal empire they established political supremacy through wars and diplomacy. This prolonged process started with occupation of Bengal to annexation of Punjab. A revolt against British rule in northern and central India was made which is called as First war of Indian Independence in 1857. Indians began to feel that British Government was ignoring their welfare but the government kept assuring that their welfare was its primary objective. Indeed they would leave the country when the Indians are fit for self-government. Indian National Congress With the emergence of national consciousness after 1857 need for an organization that could safeguard national interests which led the foundation of INC. Indian National Congress was founded in 1885 largely through the efforts made by a retired civil servant A.O. Hume under the presidentship of W.C. Banerjee. Its first session held in Mumbai with 85 ...

Summary: Vedic literature of India claims to be the oldest texts only after the literatures of Mesopotamian and Egyptian civilization. They are regarded as the oldest literature of Sanskrit and Hinduism. The Sanskrit term Veda means knowledge. They have been written in Sanskrit language. There are four Vedas, the Rig Veda, the Sama Veda, the Yajur Veda and the Atharv Veda. These are four feet on which Hindu civilization stands. Each veda has again been classified in to the Arnyakas, the Brahmans and the Upnishad. The first compilation the  Rig Veda  is the oldest of the four Samhitas or collection. It is a collection of about 1028 Vedic Sanskrit hymns and about 10,000 verses in all. Rig Veda is organized in to 10 books. These books are called  Mandals . The hymns of Rig Veda express peoples reaction to the wonder of existence, the beauty of the earth and power of existence. As the ritualistic religion developed the need for hymn which could be sung was felt, this let to t...

Summary: The cultural heritage of India lies in its recognition of inner landscape of man which expresses itself in outer landscape of man comprising myriad petal of louts flower. The diversities are hold together like planets in their orbit. Two examples are given here to understand this unity in diversity. First is of human body. It is made up of different system each inter related and interconnected and in which both physical and spiritual are contained. The second example is of chariot wheel. The centre is still which represents nirvana or moksha. The era between the spokes represent sensory desires, all harnessed at the centre. The Rigveda stated it as "Truth is one but its expressions are many." Know thou the soul as riding in a chariot. The body as the chariot. Know thou the intellect as the chariot driver and the mind as the reins. The senses they say are the horses The object of sense what they range over. The self combined with senses and mind Wise man call it enjoy...